![]() ![]() The paired testes are a crucial component in this process, as they produce both sperm and androgens, the hormones that support male reproductive physiology. The function of the male, or testicular, reproductive system ( Figure 27.2) is to produce sperm and transfer them to the female reproductive tract. At fertilization, the chromosomes in one male gamete, called a sperm (or spermatozoon), combine with the chromosomes in one female gamete, called an ovum. In almost all sexually reproducing species, these two haploid cells differ in size the smaller gamete is called the male gamete and the larger one is called the female gamete. Unique for its role in reproduction, a gamete is a specialized sex cell, which in humans carries 23 chromosomes-one half the number in body cells. In this chapter and the next chapter, "female" and "male" refer to sex only, and the typical reproductive anatomy of XX and XY individuals is discussed. For some people, gender identity is different from biological sex or their sex assigned at birth. People often use the words "female" and "male" to describe two different concepts: our sense of gender identity, and our biological sex as determined by our X/Y chromosomes, hormones, sex organs, and other physical characteristics. Identify the importance of testosterone in reproductive function.Explain the events during spermatogenesis that produce haploid sperm from diploid cells. ![]() Describe the structure and function of the sperm cell.Describe the structure and function of the organs of the testicular reproductive system.By the end of this section, you will be able to: ![]()
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